Changes to CFA® Exams in 2021
Exam Postponements in 2020 In 2020, Coronavirus disrupted the normal functioning of the whole world. For this reason, CFA Institute decided to postpone the CFA exams, and in so doing, allowed candidates an extra 6 months to study. Postponing exam…
The Complete Study Guide and Outline to the Level I of the CFA® Exam
Getting your Chartered Financial Analyst® or CFA® designation is a great way to ensure a better career for yourself. In order to get there, however, there are a series of challenges that you must pass. The first one – and…
Best Tips and Tricks for Preparing and Successfully Passing FRM Exams
Passing your Financial Risk Management (FRM) exam on the first try isn’t impossible – it is however quite difficult. FRM exams are detailed and involve complex calculations and thinking from each exam candidate. A financial risk manager is expected to…
Options Payoffs and Profits (Calculations for CFA® and FRM® Exams)
Understanding call and put option payoffs is a must for mastering derivatives in the CFA® or FRM® exams—and for real-world trading strategies. This guide breaks down option payoff and profit formulas, shows you how to calculate each, and includes cha1rts…
Bond Valuation (Calculations for CFA® and FRM® Exams)
Bond valuation is an application of discounted cash flow analysis. The general approach to bond valuation is to utilize a series of spot rates to reflect the timing of future cash flows. Value, Price, and TVM Value can be described as…
Covariance and Correlation (Calculations for CFA® and FRM® Exams)
The covariance is a measure of the degree of co-movement between two random variables. For instance, we could be interested in the degree of co-movement between the variables X and Y, where we can let: X = interest rate Y…
How LinkedIn Can Help a CFA® Program Student for Career Growth
Studying to become a Certified Financial Analyst isn’t a cakewalk by any standards. It requires years of extra effort to learn various accounting processes, laws and regulations, complex calculations, and more. However, all the efforts and resources you invest in…
Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio and Jensen’s Alpha (Calculations for CFA® and FRM® Exams)
Portfolio Performance Measures Portfolio management involves a trade-off between risk and return. Most amateur investors mistakenly focus only on the return aspect and lose sight of the risk taken to achieve the return. The portfolio performance measures are intended as…
Spot Rate vs. Forward Rates (Calculations for CFA® and FRM® Exams)
Understanding how to calculate forward rates from spot rates is a must for CFA and FRM candidates. This guide breaks down the forward rate formula step by step, showing you exactly how it appears on the exams. With simple examples…
Level I CFA® Exam: 7 Best Tips to Help You Pass
Level I of the CFA exam is the first step towards receiving your CFA designation. In the level I exam, you’ll be tested in 10 topic areas. The combination of a variety of topics, along with exam anxiety, is the…
