Standard VII(B) – Reference to CFA Institute, the CFA Designation, and the CFA Program
Application 1: Stating Facts About the CFA® Designation and CFA® Program Dorothy Chen, CFA, is in conversation with one of her mentees – Hannah Blake. Blake is considering sitting the CFA Level I exam and is asking Chen for her…
Standard VI(C) – Referral Fees
Members and Candidates must disclose any remuneration, consideration, or advantages received from or provided to anyone to recommend products or services to their employer, clients, and prospective clients, as applicable. Application 1: Disclosure of Interdepartmental Referral Agreements Britney Sullivan works…
Standard VI(B) – Priority of transactions
Client and employer investment transactions must take precedence over investment transactions in which a member or candidate is the beneficial owner. Application 1: Family Account as Equals Gia Davies, a senior trader at InvestCorp Brokerage, has recently helped her sister…
Standard V(C) – Record Retention
Members and Candidates must create and keep relevant documents to support their investment analysis, suggestions, actions, and other investment-related discussions with customers and prospects. Application: Records of The Firm Scott Garcia is the head of quantitative research at Green Point…
Standard VI(A) – Disclosure of Conflicts
All issues that could reasonably be expected to compromise their independence and objectivity or conflict with their respective duties to their clients, prospective clients, and employer must be disclosed fully and fairly by Members and Candidates. Application 1: Personal Stock…
Standard V(B) – Communication with Clients and Prospective Clients
Members and Candidates must: Application 1: Opinion as Fact Emmanuel Oluwo works as an oil and gas analyst at GeoField Consultancy Group. He has been working on a report that attempts to assess the crude oil production capacity of Naija…
Standard V(A) – Diligence and Reasonable Basis
Members and Candidates must: Diligence and Reasonable Basis informs that recommendations be made based on a firm’s independent research or the quantitative research of other reputable sources. Application 1: Group Research Opinions Calvin Samuelson is a junior fixed-income analyst at…
Standard IV(C) – Responsibilities of Supervisors
Members and Candidates are responsible for ensuring that anybody under their supervision or responsibility follows all applicable laws, rules, regulations, and the CFA Institute Code and Standards. Application 1: Supervising Research Activities Joy Silverstone, CFA, is the head of research…
Standard IV(B) – Additional Compensation Arrangements
Members and Candidates must acquire written consent from all parties concerned before accepting gifts, benefits, remuneration, or other incentives that competes with or could reasonably be expected to create a conflict of interest with their employer’s interest. Members and candidates…
Standard IV(A) – Loyalty
Members and Candidates must act in the best interests of their employers, not denying them the benefit of their skills and abilities, divulging sensitive information, or harming them in any other way. Members and Candidates should act in the best…




