Tokenization and Financial Market Inefficiencies
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Explain the process of tokenization and describe the fundamental features of tokenized assets and digital ledgers. Describe frictions and inefficiencies that can arise during different phases of an asset’s lifecycle and…
Global Financial Stability Report
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Identify and explain the key channels through which geopolitical risk influences asset prices and financial stability and discuss policy measures to address potential consequences. Analyze how global geopolitical risk events affect…
Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Implications for Capital Markets Activities
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Describe current uses of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in capital markets, and potential future uses of sophisticated AI models including GenAI. Explain the implications of further adoption of…
The Vasicek and Gauss+ Models
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Describe the structure of the Gauss+ model and discuss the implications of this structure for the model’s ability to replicate empirically observed interest rate dynamics. Compare and contrast the dynamics, features,…
Regression Hedging and Principal Component Analysis
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Explain the drawbacks to using a DV01-neutral hedge for a bond position. Describe a regression hedge and explain how it can improve a standard DV01-neutral hedge. Calculate the regression hedge adjustment…
Beyond Exceedance – Based Backtesting of Value-at-Risk Models: Methods for Back-testing the Entire Forecasting Distribution Using Probability Integral Transform
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Identify the properties of an exceedance-based backtest that indicate a VaR model is accurate, and describe how these properties are reflected in a PIT-based backtest. Explain how to derive probability integral…
Validating Bank Holding Companies’ Value-at-Risk Models for Market Risk
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Describe some important considerations for a bank in assessing the conceptual soundness of a VaR model during the validation process. Explain how to conduct sensitivity analysis for a VaR model, and…
Regulating the Crypto Ecosystem: The Case of Unbacked Crypto Assets
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Define and describe crypto assets, including the categories broadly used by global financial regulators to classify them. Evaluate the key components within the crypto ecosystem, the potential risks generated by these…
Monetary and Fiscal Policy: Safeguarding Stability and Trust
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Compare and contrast the channels through which fiscal policy and monetary policy influence a country’s economic activity and financial markets, and define the “region of stability” in terms of their joint…
The Rise and Risks of Private Credit
After completing this reading, you should be able to: Describe characteristics of private credit, including its typical investors and borrowers, and compare private credit to other types of loans and fixed-income instruments. Explain the return profile and growth profile of…
