Lenders and Owners of a Company
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Public and Private Corporations

A corporation can either be regarded as private or public. This classification is determined by the following factors: Issuance of shares. Exchange listing and share transfer. Registration and disclosure requirements. 1. Issuance of Shares Public Companies Public companies may issue…

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Business Structures

  A business is initiated by a founder(s) who possesses significant know-how or expertise. The founder may, nevertheless, lack the skills to manage the business as it grows. Moreover, the founders may lack the capital to grow their business. They…

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Impact of Geopolitical Risk on Investment

The degree to which investors take geopolitical risk into account when making decisions will greatly depend on their investment goals and risk appetite. While geopolitical risk may be welcomed by certain investors while it may also be shunned by others…

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Tools of Geopolitics

Geopolitical tools refer to methods used by geopolitical actors to strengthen their interests to others. These tools ultimately result in geopolitical risk. Tools of geopolitics may be separated into: i. National Security Tools Tools for national security are those that…

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Geopolitics and Globalization

Globalization is the interaction and integration of individuals, organizations, and governments on a global scale. It is characterized by the cross-border movement of goods, information, employment, and culture. However, recently there has been a growth of nationalism, thanks to which…

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Geopolitics
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Forward Price of an Asset With Zero, Positive, or Negative Net Cost of Carry

Cost of Carry The cost of carry is defined as the net of the costs and benefits. The term “carry” is analogous in that storage (or holding) of an asset attractcts net costs i.e, the costs to “carry” an asset….

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Standard VII(B) – Reference to CFA Institute, the CFA Designation, and the CFA Program
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Standard VI(C) – Referral Fees
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