{"id":21149,"date":"2023-02-06T06:40:43","date_gmt":"2023-02-06T06:40:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/?p=21149"},"modified":"2026-03-26T12:48:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T12:48:55","slug":"convergence-hypotheses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/","title":{"rendered":"Convergence Hypotheses"},"content":{"rendered":"<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\r\n  \"@id\": \"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/images\/convergence-hypotheses-img6\",\r\n  \"contentUrl\": \"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\r\n  \"url\": \"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\r\n  \"caption\": \"Convergence Hypotheses \u2014 Image 6\",\r\n  \"width\": 413,\r\n  \"height\": 258,\r\n  \"copyrightNotice\": \"\u00a9 2024 AnalystPrep\",\r\n  \"acquireLicensePage\": \"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/license-info\",\r\n  \"creditText\": \"AnalystPrep Design Team\",\r\n  \"creator\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"Organization\",\r\n    \"name\": \"AnalystPrep\"\r\n  },\r\n  \"isPartOf\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\r\n    \"@id\": \"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\"\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"QAPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Which plan would most likely delay convergence between a developing country and an advanced economy?\",\r\n    \"text\": \"A developing country is benchmarking an advanced economy to increase output. Which policy choice would most likely delay convergence?\",\r\n    \"answerCount\": 1,\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Enforcing high tariffs on imports to protect local industries would most likely delay convergence. High tariffs discourage competition, reduce efficiency, and limit productivity growth, slowing convergence with developed economies.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"QAPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"What type of convergence occurs when countries with the same savings rate, population growth rate, and production function converge over time?\",\r\n    \"text\": \"An economist claims that countries with identical structural characteristics will eventually experience similar growth rates. What type of convergence is this?\",\r\n    \"answerCount\": 1,\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"This describes conditional convergence. When countries share the same savings rate, population growth rate, and production function, the neoclassical growth model predicts convergence to the same steady-state output level.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DZnrBxGMFao\" width=\"611\" height=\"343\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Convergence refers to a situation where countries with low per capita incomes grow faster than countries with high per capita incomes. Consequently, with time, the per capita income for developing countries converges with that of developed countries.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Types of Convergence Hypotheses<\/h2>\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n\t<li>Absolute convergence.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Conditional convergence.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Club convergence.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>The neoclassical growth theory forecasts unconditional and conditional convergence. The endogenous growth model, however, does not predict any occurrence of convergence.<\/p>\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>Absolute Convergence<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The Absolute convergence implies that the developing countries, despite their unique features, will grow and eventually attain the developed countries&#8217; per capita income. Since the neoclassical model assumes that all countries have the same level of technology, the per capita income in all countries should grow at the same rate. However, neoclassical growth theory means that the per capita income level will be equal in all countries, given the prevailing characteristics (does not insinuate the absolute convergence).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>Conditional Convergence<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Conditional convergence is where the convergence is dependent on countries that have equal saving rates, population growth rates, and production functions. If these conditions hold, the neoclassical growth theory will imply convergence to the same per capita output and steady-state growth rate.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>Club Convergence <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Club convergence implies a group (club) of only rich and middle-income countries whose income converges to that of the wealthiest country in the world. Therefore, member countries of the club with low per capita income will grow faster than the non-members. Emerging countries will only join the club if they execute necessary institutional changes. If the new members fail to implement these changes, they will fall into a non-convergence gap.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h3>Ways in Which Convergence Occurs<\/h3>\r\n<ol type=\"I\">\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>Capital deepening and accumulation<\/strong>: Developed countries are almost at the flattened point of the production function (point B). This implies that more capital injection will not impact output much. On the other hand, developing countries operate at the lowest point of the production function(point A), as seen in the graph below. Therefore, any capital injection will have a positive impact on the output.<\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-29387\" src=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"260\" \/><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>Adoption of technology that is already popular in<\/strong> advanced <strong>countries<\/strong>. Developing countries employ technology from developed countries to boost their incomes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<h2>Question 1<\/h2>\r\n<p>A developing country is concerned about its illiteracy and the low standard of living. The government appoints a committee to benchmark an advanced country and develop strategies to increase the country&#8217;s output.<\/p>\r\n<p>Which of the following plans considered by the committee will <em>most likely<\/em> delay convergence with the advanced (developed) country?<\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: upper-alpha;\" type=\"A\">\r\n\t<li>Creation of policies that encourage the return of highly educated citizens.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Enforcing high tariffs on imports to protect the growing local industries.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Use of external debt to improve transport and manufacturing infrastructure.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>Solution<\/h4>\r\n<p><strong>The correct answer is B<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Enforcing high tariffs on imports to protect the growing local industries will discourage growth, and thus it is not supportive of convergence with developed economies.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Question 2<\/h2>\r\n<p>An economic researcher asserts that \u201cmany countries with the same population growth rate, savings rate, and production function will eventually have growth rates that converge over time.\u201d The convergence the researcher has described is <em>most likely<\/em> to be:<\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: upper-alpha;\" type=\"A\">\r\n\t<li>Conditional convergence.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Absolute convergence.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Club convergence.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>Solution<\/h4>\r\n<p><strong>The correct answer is A<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Conditional convergence depends on countries with the same saving rate, population growth rate, and production function. If this condition holds, then the neoclassical model implies convergence to the same per capita output and steady-state growth rate.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p>Reading 9: Economic Growth\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p><em>LOS 9 (j) Explain and evaluate convergence hypotheses.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Convergence refers to a situation where countries with low per capita incomes grow faster than countries with high per capita incomes. Consequently, with time, the per capita income for developing countries converges with that of developed countries. Types of Convergence&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[102,494],"tags":[216,534,502,520],"class_list":["post-21149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cfa-level-2","category-economics","tag-cfa-level-2","tag-convergence-hypotheses","tag-economics","tag-reading-11-economic-growth-and-the-investment-decision","blog-post","no-post-thumbnail","animate"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CFA, FRM, and Actuarial Exams Study Notes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"413\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"258\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"AnalystPrep Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"AnalystPrep Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"AnalystPrep Team\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e\"},\"headline\":\"Convergence Hypotheses\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\"},\"wordCount\":568,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"CFA-level-2\",\"Convergence Hypotheses\",\"Economics\",\"Reading 11: Economic Growth and the Investment Decision\"],\"articleSection\":[\"CFA Level II Study Notes\",\"Economics\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\",\"name\":\"Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e\"},\"description\":\"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg\",\"width\":413,\"height\":258},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Convergence Hypotheses\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/\",\"name\":\"CFA, FRM, and Actuarial Exams Study Notes\",\"description\":\"Question Bank and Study Notes for the CFA, FRM, and Actuarial exams\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e\",\"name\":\"AnalystPrep Team\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0828fe7fdfdcf636b2061b4c563e20cc9b7453f7cd1641b4c43edbfba896727a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0828fe7fdfdcf636b2061b4c563e20cc9b7453f7cd1641b4c43edbfba896727a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"AnalystPrep Team\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/author\/analystprep-team\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<meta property=\"og:video\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DZnrBxGMFao\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:video:type\" content=\"text\/html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:video:duration\" content=\"2454\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:video:width\" content=\"480\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:video:height\" content=\"270\" \/>\n<meta property=\"ya:ovs:adult\" content=\"false\" \/>\n<meta property=\"ya:ovs:upload_date\" content=\"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"ya:ovs:allow_embed\" content=\"true\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth","description":"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth","og_description":"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.","og_url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/","og_site_name":"CFA, FRM, and Actuarial Exams Study Notes","article_published_time":"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00","og_image":[{"width":413,"height":258,"url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"AnalystPrep Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"AnalystPrep Team","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/"},"author":{"name":"AnalystPrep Team","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e"},"headline":"Convergence Hypotheses","datePublished":"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/"},"wordCount":568,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg","keywords":["CFA-level-2","Convergence Hypotheses","Economics","Reading 11: Economic Growth and the Investment Decision"],"articleSection":["CFA Level II Study Notes","Economics"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/","url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/","name":"Convergence Hypotheses in Economic Growth","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg","datePublished":"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-26T12:48:55+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e"},"description":"Learn how convergence hypotheses explain growth differences, including absolute and conditional convergence across economies with varying income levels.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cfa2_reading7_img6.jpg","width":413,"height":258},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/convergence-hypotheses\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Convergence Hypotheses"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#website","url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/","name":"CFA, FRM, and Actuarial Exams Study Notes","description":"Question Bank and Study Notes for the CFA, FRM, and Actuarial exams","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0c939f3f12a02c5a193708b713d89e","name":"AnalystPrep Team","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0828fe7fdfdcf636b2061b4c563e20cc9b7453f7cd1641b4c43edbfba896727a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0828fe7fdfdcf636b2061b4c563e20cc9b7453f7cd1641b4c43edbfba896727a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"AnalystPrep Team"},"url":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/author\/analystprep-team\/"}]},"og_video":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DZnrBxGMFao","og_video_type":"text\/html","og_video_duration":"2454","og_video_width":"480","og_video_height":"270","ya_ovs_adult":"false","ya_ovs_upload_date":"2023-02-06T06:40:43+00:00","ya_ovs_allow_embed":"true"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21149"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42070,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21149\/revisions\/42070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}