{"id":17177,"date":"2021-07-08T10:05:34","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T10:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/?p=17177"},"modified":"2026-06-30T18:27:56","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T18:27:56","slug":"the-required-return-on-equity-international-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/study-notes\/cfa-level-2\/the-required-return-on-equity-international-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"The Required Return on Equity: International Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"QAPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"The most appropriate method of estimating the equity risk premium in emerging economies is:\",\r\n    \"answerCount\": 3,\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"The correct answer is B. Country spread models. The country spread model estimates the equity risk premium in emerging markets by incorporating the additional country-specific risk relative to developed markets. This approach reflects the higher political, economic, and financial risks typically associated with emerging economies.\"\r\n    },\r\n    \"suggestedAnswer\": [\r\n      {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Exchange rates.\"\r\n      },\r\n      {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Country spread models.\"\r\n      },\r\n      {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Data and model issues.\"\r\n      }\r\n    ]\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UnwokOxe4OM\" width=\"611\" height=\"343\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\r\n<p>There are two major issues when estimating the required return of equities in a global context:<\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-roman;\">\r\n\t<li>Exchange rates.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Data and model issues in emerging markets.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>There are difficulties in the estimation of the required return and risk premium in emerging markets. Two approaches can be used to supplement the traditional historical and forward-looking methods:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin: 18px 0;\"><a style=\"display: block; text-align: center; padding: 14px 18px; border: 2px solid #2F5BFF; border-radius: 18px; color: #ffffff; font-weight: 600; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; background-color: #1a73e8;\" href=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/free-trial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Practice required return on equity concepts with our CFA Free Trial.<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p>1. The <em><strong>country spread model<\/strong><\/em> for the equity risk premium, stated as:<\/p>\r\n<p>$$\\begin{align*}\\text{Equity risk premium estimate}&amp;=\\text{Equity risk premium for a developed country}\\\\&amp;+\\text{Country premium}\\end{align*}$$<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The country premium represents a premium associated with the expected greater risk of the emerging market compared to the developed market. It is estimated as the difference between the yield on emerging market bonds and the yield on developed market government bonds.<\/p>\r\n<p>2. The <em style=\"font-weight: bold;\">country risk rating model<\/em> is a regression techniques are used to estimate the equity risk premium based on the relationship between developed equity market returns and their risk ratings.<\/p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<h2>Question<\/h2>\r\n<p>The <em>most appropriate<\/em> method of estimating the equity risk premium in emerging economies is:<\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: upper-alpha;\">\r\n\t<li>Exchange rates.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Country spread models.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Data and model issues.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4> Solution <\/h4>\r\n<p><strong>The correct answer is B.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The country spread model is an approach used to estimate the equity risk in emerging economies. It represents the greater risk of the emerging economy compared to the developed economy.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>A is incorrect. <\/strong>The exchange rate is an issue to consider when estimating the required rate of return in a global context. It is not a required rate of return estimation method.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>C is incorrect. <\/strong>Data and model issues are points to consider when estimating the required rate of return in a global context. It is not a required rate of return estimation method.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p>Reading 21: Return Concepts<\/p>\r\n<p><em>LOS 21(f) Explains international considerations in required return estimation.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 30px 0;\"><a style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px 26px; border-radius: 9999px; background: #1e5bd8; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/analystprep.com\/free-trial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Start Free Trial \u2192 <\/a> <p style=\"margin-top: 12px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5;\">Review the required return on equity and international issues with CFA Level 2 study notes, practice questions, mock exams, and video lessons designed to strengthen your exam preparation.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are two major issues when estimating the required return of equities in a global context: Exchange rates. Data and model issues in emerging markets. There are difficulties in the estimation of the required return and risk premium in emerging&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[102,401],"tags":[216,402,423],"class_list":["post-17177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cfa-level-2","category-equity-valuation","tag-cfa-level-2","tag-equity-valuation","tag-reading-25-return-concepts","blog-post","no-post-thumbnail","animate"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Required Return on Equity: International | CFA L2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how the country spread model estimates equity risk in emerging markets, accounting for higher risk compared to developed economies.\" \/>\n<meta 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